The Role of Women in Munnar’s Tea Industry

Nestled in the Western Ghats of Kerala, Munnar is one of India’s most famous tea-producing regions. Known for its cool climate, mist-covered hills, and endless stretches of green plantations, Munnar offers not only scenic beauty but also a powerful story of women empowerment. Behind every cup of tea brewed from these hills lies the hard work of thousands of women. In fact, the majority of the workforce in Munnar’s tea industry is women.

These women are the backbone of tea production, from plucking leaves to processing them in factories. Their role is central, constant, and crucial. Yet, their stories often remain untold.

In this article, we explore how women have shaped the tea industry in Munnar, their daily lives, challenges, and their growing empowerment in one of India’s most iconic tea destinations.

A Legacy Rooted in Women’s Labor

Tea plantations in Munnar date back to the British era. From the beginning, women were preferred for leaf-plucking tasks due to their nimble fingers and attention to detail. Over time, what began as seasonal or part-time work evolved into a full-time livelihood for many women in the region.

Today, women make up nearly 70–80% of the plantation workforce. They begin their work early in the morning, walking through hilly terrain, braving the rain, mist, and sun to reach the fields.

Their job includes:

• Hand-plucking only the finest tea leaves

• Carrying heavy baskets filled with leaves

• Transporting them to collection points

• Sometimes assisting in drying and sorting

These tasks are not just physically demanding—they also require skill, focus, and deep knowledge of tea leaves.

Daily Life of a Woman Worker in the Tea Fields

A typical workday for a female tea plucker starts before sunrise. After completing household chores, they walk or take transport to the plantation. Dressed in traditional sarees, tied up to allow free movement, and wearing rubber boots, these women work long hours in all weather conditions.

They carry large baskets strapped to their heads or backs and must meet daily weight targets of tea leaves, sometimes up to 25–30 kg a day.

After a long day in the fields, many of them return home to continue housework—cooking, cleaning, and caring for children. Despite the hardships, their contribution keeps Munnar’s tea economy alive and thriving.

Why Women Dominate the Workforce

There are several reasons why women are the primary workforce in Munnar’s tea estates:

1. Skill and Efficiency

Women have a gentle yet firm way of plucking tea leaves. They can pick more efficiently without damaging the plant. This ensures better quality leaves and healthier bushes.

2. Tradition and Community

Working in the tea estates has been passed down from one generation to the next. Daughters often follow in the footsteps of their mothers and grandmothers.

3. Limited Alternatives

Due to limited employment options in the region, especially in remote villages, plantation work becomes the most accessible and reliable source of income for women.

Wages, Rights, and Social Challenges

Even though women make up most of the workforce, they often face several challenges:

• Low wages compared to the hard work and long hours

• Limited access to education and healthcare

• Few leadership roles or promotions

• Inadequate housing and sanitation in worker colonies

Despite these issues, things are slowly changing. With support from women’s groups, NGOs, and media coverage, there is growing awareness of their rights and better working conditions.

Empowerment Through Work

Working in tea plantations has given women economic independence and social visibility. They contribute significantly to household expenses, children’s education, and even savings. Many women say their jobs give them confidence and respect in their communities.

In recent years, several tea plantations have started offering:

• Crèches and daycare facilities

• Basic healthcare access

• Skill training and workshops

• Literacy programs and self-help groups

These efforts help women balance their work and family life more effectively and encourage financial literacy and empowerment.

Women Taking Leadership Roles

Traditionally, managerial and supervisory roles were mostly held by men. But this is changing. Women are now stepping into roles such as:

• Field supervisors

• Quality checkers in tea factories

• Trainers for new workers

• Leaders of cooperative societies

Some have even launched women-led tea brands that focus on organic and sustainable production. These brands not only promote quality tea but also highlight women’s role in making it.

A Boost to Tea Tourism

Munnar is not only famous for its tea plantations but also for tea tourism. Tourists visit Munnar to experience plantation walks, tea-tasting sessions, and factory tours.

Women often guide these tours, showcasing their knowledge of tea picking, processing, and history. Their presence adds authenticity and warmth to the tourist experience.

In this way, women are not only part of the production side of the tea industry but also actively participate in the hospitality and tourism economy of Munnar.

The Future: Towards Equality and Growth

The tea industry in Munnar is slowly evolving. Stakeholders are beginning to realize that empowering women workers improves productivity and brings positive change. Efforts are being made to:

• Increase wages

• Ensure equal rights and roles

• Improve living conditions

• Provide education for workers’ children

With these changes, the future of women in Munnar’s tea industry looks hopeful. As more women rise to leadership and entrepreneurship, they are reshaping the narrative of what was once a male-dominated space.

Conclusion: The Silent Strength of Munnar’s Tea Gardens

The story of Munnar’s tea is also the story of its women. They are the silent strength behind the region’s green slopes and steaming cups. Every leaf they pluck carries their dedication, resilience, and spirit.

For visitors to Munnar, understanding their contribution adds meaning to every cup of tea. It’s not just a drink—it’s the outcome of centuries of hard work by women whose lives and stories are rooted in these hills.

As you sip Munnar’s famous tea, take a moment to appreciate the women who made it possible. They are more than workers—they are the heart of the land.